[bctt tweet=”Medical experts fighting on the front lines in the opioid battle say institutions like the UW Pain Group have caused a lot of pain thanks to their cozy relationships with manufacturers like Purdue Pharma. #wiright #wipolitics ” username=”MacIverWisc”]
MACIVER NEWS SPECIAL INVESTIGATION
MacIver News Service | Feb. 11, 2019
By M.D. Kittle
MADISON, Wis. — In April, when Dane County joined the dozens of Wisconsin counties suing pharmaceutical manufacturers of painkillers, civic leaders laid out the deep and wide damage caused by the opioid epidemic.
“What’s the explanation for the Wisconsin death rate at twice the rate of Iowa and Minnesota?…Why is the Wisconsin rate so much higher? The answer in my view is that the UW took the Purdue money,” Hefty said.
“The opioid epidemic has taken a tremendous toll on our community, in lost lives, families hurt and taxpayers shouldering the tremendous cost of trying to manage this growing crisis,” Dane County Executive Joe Parisi stated in a press release announcing the federal lawsuit.
Each of Wisconsin’s 72 counties can attest to the merciless plague of opioids addiction. So can just about any town, village, or city in the United States. To put the death toll in perspective, opioid overdoses have overtaken vehicle crashes in the ghoulish leading cause of death ranking, according to a new report on preventable deaths from the National Safety Council.
As of last month, well over 1,000 lawsuits from every corner of the country had been filed by state and local governments against OxyContin maker Purdue Pharma alone.
“More people die from drug poisoning in the county than any other death from injury, including car accidents,” Dane County’s lawsuit states. “Misuse of prescription, over the counter or illicit drugs caused 85 percent of these drug poisoning deaths.”
What Parisi failed to mention at last year’s press conference was that a global pain research program at the county’s largest employer had once taken over $1.5 million from Purdue Pharma to, its critics say, aggressively promote opioids for chronic non-cancer pain, ultimately helping to cause “this public health disaster.”
A spokeswoman for the University of Wisconsin-Madison’s Pain & Policy Study Group (PPSG) vehemently denies the organization has ever promoted inappropriate opioid prescribing, a charge the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health has long denied.
But a number of medical experts and ethicists who have been fighting for years on the front lines in the battle of opioid addiction say institutions like the UW Pain Group have caused a lot of pain thanks to their cozy relationships with pharmaceutical manufacturers such as Purdue Pharma.
$1.6 million relationship
PPSG’s relationship with Purdue Pharma became wider public knowledge in 2011, when the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel first reported that the research organization had taken about $2.5 million over a decade from prescription painkiller companies. The brunt of that funding, about $1.6 million between 2000 and 2010, came from Purdue Pharma — a figure a UW official confirmed for MacIver News Service. The funding represented about 20 percent of PPSG’s total funding.
“The money came while the group pushed for what critics say was a pharmaceutical industry agenda not supported by rigorous science: the liberalized use of narcotic painkillers for non-cancer chronic pain,” the newspaper story asserted.
Lisa Brunette, spokeswoman for the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, told MacIver News that the funds were in the form of an unrestricted grant.
“The UW Pain and Policy Studies Group did not promote inappropriate opioid prescribing,” Brunette wrote in an email response to MacIver News Service’s questions.
“PPSG did not perform any work for Purdue Pharma.”
But research papers published by the UW Pain Group during the period failed to disclose Purdue Pharma’s payments — “unrestricted” as they may have been. Even after PPSG “chose to decline” all industry funding in September 2010 so that it could remain a collaborating center with the World Health Organization, it continued to publish research that raised concerns in the medical community.
Critics say that “balance” was tilted in favor of the drug companies profiting from promotional relationships with universities and health care facilities throughout the country.
A 2013 final edited study on “Effective Treatment of Debilitating Pain at the Global, Regional, and Country Levels” made the case for the introduction of various painkillers in developing countries.
“There are many different factors that can contribute to inadequate pain relief, including practitioners’ understanding of pain and knowledge of effective treatment options, as well as peoples’ willingness or ability to seek medical care. However, pain management in developing countries often is additionally hampered by the lack of available medications for treating pain that is moderate or severe (i.e., potent opioid analgesics such as hydromorphone, morphine, or oxycodone),” the report states.
The study involved a “quantitive examination” of 30 years of consumption statistics for five “principal opioids that are indicated for the treatment of moderate pain: fentanyl, hydromorphone, morphine, oxycodone, and pethidine.”
The 2013 final study did note under acknowledgements “potential conflicts of interest and financial disclosures,” including honoraria from pharmaceutical companies, and a research grant from King Pharmaceuticals. “The University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center has received unrestricted educational grants from Purdue Pharma to support the work of the Pain & Policy Studies Group (PPSG); this relationship has ended.”
Brunette repeated what UW officials representing Robert Golden, dean of the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health have long asserted: that the mission of the UW Pain Group is a “public-health guided effort to promote understanding of responsible prescribing methods for opioids …”
“The guiding principle, present in virtually all PPSG communications, is the idea of balance: that effective pain medicines must be available for those who need them – particularly cancer patients – and that misuse, abuse and diversion must be controlled. PPSG took that position both before and after receiving unrestricted industry support,” Brunette stated.
Critics say that “balance” was tilted in favor of the drug companies profiting from promotional relationships with universities and health care facilities throughout the country.
Research ‘advocacy’
“I don’t really think in Wisconsin what they did would be called research. There’s a difference between research and advocacy and lobbying. They may have published papers in journals that maybe looked like research but it was advocacy,” said Dr. Andrew Kolodny, co-director of Opioid Policy Research at the Heller School for Social Policy and Management at Brandeis University near Boston.
Kolodny previously served as Chief Medical Officer for Phoenix House, a national nonprofit addiction treatment agency and chairman of Psychiatry at Maimonides Medical Center in New York. He founded anti-opioid activist group Physicians for Responsible Opioid Prescribing (PROP). Painkiller makers are not fond of Kolodny and some physicians and patient advocates have urged Brandeis University to fire him for what they say is his call for “draconian restrictions or outright withdrawal of this class of medications from medical practice.”
“I don’t really think in Wisconsin what they did would be called research. There’s a difference between research and advocacy and lobbying. They may have published papers in journals that maybe looked like research but it was advocacy,” said Dr. Andrew Kolodny.
Kolodny fights on.
He claims research university organizations like the UW Pain & Policy Studies Group took millions of dollars from pharmaceutical companies and helped persuade the Federation of State Medical Boards and the Joint Commission for Accreditation of HealthCare Organizations, which certifies more than 20,000 hospitals and clinics in the U.S. These organizations are responsible for issuing “best practices” in painkiller prescriptions, and those practices liberalized the use of opioids, Kolodny and others charge.
“They (opioid manufacturers and their allies) worked with the Federation of State Medical Boards to promote new policies for state medical boards, policies that told subscribers across the country they will not be sanctioned by medical boards based on the quantity of pills but for under-prescribing,” Kolodny said.
Why Did Washington Look Away as the VA Fueled an Opioid Addiction in Our Community?
In late 2017, several communities in West Virginia, which holds the dubious distinction of leading the nation in drug overdose deaths, filed a class-action lawsuit against the Joint Commission for Accreditation of HealthCare Organizations. The suit alleges the nonprofit spread “misinformation” about the perils of opioid addiction, using published advocacy research paid for by opioid manufacturers.
Gary Franklin, a neurology professor at the University of Washington, told health and medicine publication STAT that the research supporting the original standards was “developed in collaboration with the University of Wisconsin” pain researchers who accepted drug company funding while pushing the industry’s agenda.
In their request for information, the senators noted 10 organizations that had received payments from Purdue Pharma. The list included the UW Pain & Policy Study Group.
“These people (at the UW Pain Group) were masters level people that weren’t even physicians who were somehow involved in opioid matters, which is dumbfounding,” Franklin, who also serves as vice president of Physicians for Responsible Opioid Prescribing, said last week in an interview with MacIver News Service.
MacIver obtained a 2012 letter from the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance to Purdue Pharma about the “growing evidence pharmaceutical companies that manufacture and market opioids may be responsible, at least in part, for this epidemic by promoting misleading information about the drugs’ safety and effectiveness.”
The letter, penned by then-U.S. Sen. Max Baucus (D-Montana), chairman of the committee at the time, and U.S. Sen. Chuck Grassley (R-Iowa), the committee’s ranking member, noted that top executives of Purdue Pharma in 2007 “pleaded guilty in federal … court to criminal charges they misled regulators, doctors and patients about the drug’s risk of addiction and its potential to be abused.”
In their request for information, the senators noted 10 organizations that had received payments from Purdue Pharma. The list included the UW Pain & Policy Study Group.
Selling a message
The spotlight has been trained on other research universities and hospitals in recent years.
A STAT story last month, headlined “Purdue cemented ties with universities and hospitals to expand opioid sales, documents contend,” details cozy and questionable relationships. The story opened with the Pain Center at Massachusetts General Hospital, where Purdue Pharma struck a deal with the Boston hospital to start a pain program.
Court documents show the contract allowed Purdue to become intricately involved, including allowing the opioid maker to suggest curriculum for pain education and to appoint a member of the hospital’s Educational Program Committee.
While the pain program did publish a study raising concerns about opioid painkillers, in 2009 Purdue paid the hospital $3 million to continue the sponsorship of the Massachusetts General Hospital Purdue Pharma Pain Program. As a result, the company received “access to prescribers, ties to medical students and physician trainees, and political capital at a time when scrutiny of opioid manufacturers was increasing,” STAT reported.
Massachusetts General has since dropped Purdue Pharma’s name from the pain center.
Source: Tomah VA ‘Hiding the Truth’ About Overheated Medicines
At Tufts University, the Sackler family, founders of Purdue Pharma, provided money to launch a master’s program in pain research, education and policy, according to court documents. In 2011, Tufts hired a Purdue employee to serve as an adjunct associate professor.
Purdue Pharma has vehemently denied the charges against it in the myriad lawsuits it faces, insisting that the Massachusetts state lawsuit that includes some of the university relationships is “part of a continuing effort to single out Purdue, blame it for the entire opioid crisis, and try the case in the court of public opinion rather than the justice system.”
But the Massachusetts lawsuit alleges a long pattern of deceit by the company.
“In a pamphlet for doctors, Providing Relief, Preventing Abuse: A Reference Guide To Controlled Substance Prescribing Practices, Purdue wrote that addiction ‘is not caused by drugs.’ Instead, Purdue assured doctors that addiction happens when the wrong patients get drugs and abuse them: ‘it is triggered in a susceptible individual by exposure to drugs, most commonly through abuse,’” court documents state.
Deadly numbers
Brunette, of the University of Wisconsin, says the mission and the purpose of the UW Pain and Policy Studies Group is a “public health-guided effort to promote understanding of responsible prescribing methods for opioids.” And that mission is mostly focused on cancer patients, as well as promoting state guidelines and practices within the health care industry that would reduce the likelihood of diversion and addiction.”
But critics like Tom Hefty point to some disturbing numbers.
“What’s the explanation for the Wisconsin death rate at twice the rate of Iowa and Minnesota?” said Hefty, former chairman and CEO of the old Blue Cross and Blue Shield United of Wisconsin. “Why is the Wisconsin rate so much higher? The answer in my view is that the UW took the Purdue money.”
In 2016, there were 865 opioid-related overdose deaths in Wisconsin — a rate of 15.8 deaths per 100,000 persons — compared to the national death rate of 13.3 deaths per 100,000, according to the National Institute for Drug Abuse. Minnesota recorded 396 opioid-related overdose deaths, or 7.4 deaths per 100,000. Iowa’s rate was 6.2 deaths per 100,000.
[bctt tweet=”What about the University of Wisconsin, which took millions of dollars from opioid manufacturers as these companies were, according to lawsuit after lawsuit, pushing their addictive products in hospitals and clinics throughout the Badger State? #wiright #wipolitics ” username=”MacIverWisc”]Hefty is a vocal critic of the Wisconsin Partnership Program, which oversees the $400 million endowment fund for the UW School of Medicine and Public Health. He worked with the state of Wisconsin in the early 2000s in establishing the original $600 million endowment to be shared equally by the UW School of Medicine and Public Health and the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. It was the entity’s charitable legacy, central to an agreement that allowed Blue Cross and Blue Shield United of Wisconsin to convert from a non-profit to a for-profit insurance corporation. The Madison fund has grown by more than $100 million over the years.
Hefty has been particularly critical of what he sees as UW Public Health’s move away from its core traditional public health mission, including immunizations, combatting teen pregnancy, and opioid addiction, in favor of “community engagement projects” driven by left-leaning activist organizations.
Last week, the U.S. Attorneys Office for Wisconsin’s Eastern and Western Districts sent letters warning scores of medical professionals about their opioids prescribing practices. A review of more than 180 doctors, physician assistants and nurse practitioners found the health care providers were issuing opioid painkiller prescriptions at a relatively high level. Prosecutors did not disclose names and the practitioners may not be doing anything illegal or without legitimate reasons, but the letter warns of the addiction dangers surrounding opioids.
“We know that for many, addiction began with opioids prescribed by a medical professional,” said U.S. Attorney Krueger. “By sending these letters, we are asking medical professionals to join the fight against addiction and ensure they prescribe no more opioids than are necessary,” Matthew D. Krueger, U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District said in a statement.
Justified Questions: Why Is UW Public Health Fund Granting Millions To Liberal Groups?
“It’s real. There’s no reason we’re twice as bad as Iowa and Minnesota, and what are public officials doing about it?” he said. “Opioids brought Waukesha County and Dane Counties together, the most conservative county and the most liberal county in Wisconsin. Both counties are suing Purdue Pharma.”
But neither county has noted UW’s previous relationship with Purdue.
Parisi said the lawsuit Dane County filed last year is about accountability.
“We believe those that have profited also bear responsibility for the damage they have caused,” the county executive said at the time.
Kolodny, the opioid policy watchdog, pauses when asked whether he believes university-based organizations like the UW Pain and Policy Studies Group should be held, at least in part, legally responsible for the opioid crisis.
“The truth has to come out sometime during the litigation. The truth has to come out,” he said. “I think it’s more important for journalists like yourself to expose what these groups did, for policymakers to act on this so they learn from these mistakes.”