Their Plan to Improve Health Outcomes:  $15 Minimum Wage, Climate Justice, Deferred Criminal Prosecution, and Free Tuition for Native Americans 

 

Early in May, the Wisconsin Department of Health Services released the executive summary of the recommendations that will be detailed in the forthcoming report of the Governor’s Health Equity Council (HEC).  The HEC was charged to develop a plan to reduce and eliminate health disparities based on race, education level, incarceration history, economic status, and geographic location, by 2030. 

Perhaps predictably for a report to be released just before the election, the recommendations comprise largely divisive partisan initiatives aimed at the areas and populations in the state that are Evers’ political supporters.  In the six-page summary, much attention is given to Wisconsin’s history of injustices and exclusion through colonization, slavery, over-policing, incarceration, discrimination, segregation, disenfranchisement, anti-LGBTQ norms, all of which still are a “feature of our democracy” benefitting “the self-interests of the powerful.”

Again, not surprising from a governor who has declared racism a public health emergency.

The HEC summary ticks all the election-year boxes that inspire the left:

• Adding illegal immigrants to the welfare rolls
• Increasing minimum wage to $15/hour
• Creating a “guaranteed income” program
• Pouring resources into programs for convicted criminals, including deferred prosecution
• Creating a permanent Transgender Health and Safety Council
• Creating an Office of Environmental Justice to address climate change and racist environmental policies
• Free college tuition for Native Americans

The boxes that it doesn’t tick?  Acknowledging the serious problems facing our healthcare system, especially the inequities and disparities that impact rural Wisconsin, where Evers does not enjoy strong political support.

Rural Health Disparities Impact Millions

Substantial disparities impact the large percentage of the state’s population that lives in rural areas. Using the census bureau’s quite narrow definition of rural, about 30% of Wisconsin’s population lives in rural areas, while nationally the number is under 20%.  

Compared to urban residents, people who live in rural areas have:

• Higher risk of disease and death from:
  • Heart disease
  • Cancer
  • Stroke
  • Unintentional injury
  • Chronic respiratory disease
• More chronic conditions
• Shorter life expectancy
• Higher disability rates
• High infant mortality rates – 25% higher in rural areas
• Higher levels of poverty
• Lower incidence of cancer but higher death rates than urban areas, a discrepancy that is increasing

10 Highest County
Infant Mortality Rates (2018-2020)

10 Counties with
Lowest Life Expectancy (2018-2020)

The Rural Population is Aging, Needing More Care

Rural areas typically have a higher percentage of seniors than urban areas, and the rural-elderly segment of the population is growing. Older people are heavier and costlier consumers of healthcare because they are typically sicker, with multiple health conditions, and taking more prescriptions. 

 

Rural Wisconsin does not have equity in access to health care and the inequity is growing. This impacts seniors and babies in particular, and contributes to the disparities in outcomes for rural people.

• 34 counties have no ICU beds
• 20 counties have no OB-GYN
• A decade ago, 61 rural hospitals delivered babies, now it’s only 35
• 1600 nursing home beds have been decommissioned since 2020, while demand will increase

Workforce Shortages

One critical reason for these disparities is a workforce shortage that will continue to grow.  The demographic trends that are making the nation older are also increasing the demand for healthcare and decreasing the workforce available to provide that care.  

By 2025, the nation will be short 500,000 home health aides, 100,000 CNAs and 29,000 nurse practitioners.  And yet neither our Technical College System nor our UW schools track the number of qualified applicants turned away from their nursing programs because of a lack of capacity. We not only do not have a plan to solve this problem, but our educational institutions have not quantified the unmet need. 

In Wisconsin, we will be short 745 primary care doctors by 2035; 2 in 5 will reach retirement age by 2030.  Making the situation even more dire for rural areas:  Only 2% of graduating doctors want to live in an area with a population under 25,000, only 1% want to live in a community under 10,000.  Wisconsin has 33 cities over 25,000, representing about 40% of our population.  Fewer medical students are choosing to go into the less-lucrative primary care field, and 3 in 5 primary care residency spots are filled by doctors from medical schools outside the US.

Rural areas are home to higher percentages of elderly and disabled people, who require more health care services.  But only 2% of graduating physicians want to live and practice in the 60% of our state that’s rural, despite numerous costly efforts to lure doctors to rural practice.  Most physicians do not want to practice primary care.  The number of people in rural Wisconsin needing care is growing, but the number of doctors interested in serving them is declining. 

Health Equity Council Ignored Rural Disparities

Despite the profound disparities impacting nearly 2 million rural Wisconsinites, the Evers Health Equity Council mentioned the word rural only once, in a recommendation to send more broadband grant money to urban and rural areas. Their workforce recommendation is to hire consultants to encourage K12 students to look at health care careers, and “improvements in health care career training.”   

The Health Equity Council ignores the critical issues that impact the lives and health of rural Wisconsinites, because, though rural people may be the biggest group facing health disparities and inequities, they are not the right group. 

The HEC is so committed to a specific political narrative that they say “minority populations, especially Black and Brown Wisconsinites, have been the hardest hit in terms of cases, hospitalizations, and deaths,” related to COVID-19, characterizing the ‘shadows’ and ‘history’ that caused this as “systemic, unjust and largely avoidable.”

It’s also untrue.  In point of fact, the CDC said in March, “Higher COVID-19 incidence and mortality rates in rural than in urban areas are well documented.” 

Tackling disparities that impact millions of rural Wisconsinites, many elderly and disabled, obviously wasn’t the goal of the HEC; the goal seems to have been to focus on creating talking points that appease the governor’s political allies. 

After three years of work, many of the recommendations are just…not about health.  Increasing the minimum wage, free tuition for Native Americans, yearly payments into accounts for every child born, but that may only be used when they turn 18, deferring prosecution of criminals, climate justice and guaranteed income are geared to improve Evers’ appeal to the left than to improve health outcomes.

We won’t have the full report until sometime in the summer, but the HEC summary described a package of 20 recommendations that will be sent to the governor. As with the Climate Change Task Force we can expect Evers’ administration to work to unilaterally implement as many of the HEC recommendations as possible through executive order or agency guidance.

The Health Equity Council’s recommendations fall into two broad categories:

Targeted Benefits for Target Groups

Immigrants

• Provide certain state-funded healthcare benefits including for illegal immigrants.  Illegal immigrants are not eligible for Medicaid in the U.S., so this would require the creation of a 100% state-funded program for this population.

Native Americans

• Eliminate tuition at any 2- of 4-year college, university, or technical college for all tribal members.

Criminals

• Add new services to the lengthy list of programs provided in prisons to educate, train and help our 19,000 prison inmates to be better prepared for release.  
• Wisconsin taxpayers already fund well over a dozen education, training and re-entry support programs for prison inmates from basic literacy to college degree funding, from career academies to financial literacy instruction, plus counseling and legal assistance.  
• The council further recommends implementing a peer-led deferred prosecution and diversion, to keep criminals on the streets and out of jail.  For pregnant prisoners, the council recommends additional prenatal, birthing and post-natal support by doulas.

Marginalized Communities

• This recommendation would provide guaranteed income to low-income people in select communities in addition to the welfare benefits they receive. Guaranteed income generally is a program that provides continuous, no-strings-attached cash transfers to individuals or families, in addition to other government benefits like FoodShare and Medicaid.

 

Birthing bodies and the bodies they birth

• The council wants to fund a full year of Medicaid for new mothers; about half of births in the state are by women on Medicaid.  Because of Wisconsin’s already-generous maternal benefits, this would mean that a married mom with one child with household income of $70,000 per year would be covered by MA for a full year (the child is covered until age 19 as long as the household income stays at 301% of the federal poverty level.)  For perspective, $70,000 is about 10% above the median household income in the state.
• They also propose annual payments up to $2,500 to every child born in the state until they reach age 18, to be used for things including education, a home, or medical expenses.

 

 

 

 

 

 

New Welfare Spending

Unsurprisingly, the HEC recommendations include more spending on state welfare programs, particularly Medicaid.  Medicaid now covers a quarter of the population in Wisconsin, and costs are expected to continue to rise with the growing elderly population.   The recommendations from the HEC call for:

• Medicaid to fund a brand-new non-medical benefit to pay for housing for pregnant and postpartum women.
• Community dental health coordinators to be reimbursed by Medicaid.
• Creating a new category of lay-healthcare worker called Community Health Workers, who advise patients in vulnerable communities with the goals of health, equity and social justice, according to their national association.  Community Health Workers are typically members of the community, not medical professionals, who work with patients in a culturally competent manner on things like explaining health risks, increasing use of health care services, and healthy meal preparation.
  • The council recommends a new draw on Medicaid funds to reimburse these quasi-healthcare workers for services they provide within their “scope of practice.”
  • A similar effort by Evers’ DHS to reduce infant mortality by reimbursing community-based lay-coordinators in Milwaukee to help pregnant women to get the health care they need and encourage good eating habits resulted in the Medicaid program being defrauded of millions of dollars for services never provided.
• Expanded eligibility for the Earned Income Tax Credit,, the nation’s second largest cash welfare program, with special attention to adults without dependents. 

One thing we will watch with interest in the full report is any effort to tie election integrity laws to health outcomes.  The EO forming the HEC referenced the UW Population Health Institute’s report card, which attempts to link voting to better health, recommending more mail voting, eliminating voter ID, and ending felon disenfranchisement as part of the path to better health in Wisconsin. We will report on these new and growing efforts to undermine election integrity laws in the name of better health outcomes soon.

The council membership, heavily urban-based, focused on racial and ethnic disparities and their recommendations reflect that, seeming to be geared to garner political support ahead of the midterm elections. 

Their three years of work seems to have resulted in partisan platitudes rather than a plan.